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What distinctive breath odor may be present in patients with DKA?

  1. Foul breath

  2. Sweet breath

  3. Rotten breath

  4. Minty breath

The correct answer is: Sweet breath

In patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the breath often has a distinctive sweet odor. This scent is primarily due to the presence of ketones—specifically acetone, which is one of the byproducts of fat metabolism that occurs when insulin levels are low and the body is unable to utilize glucose effectively. As fat is broken down for energy, ketones accumulate in the bloodstream and are expelled through respiration. The sweet odor can be a key clinical indicator for healthcare providers and can help in promptly identifying DKA, allowing for swift intervention to address the condition. Recognizing this characteristic symptom is vital for emergency medical technicians and health professionals when assessing a patient with suspected DKA.